In traditional Electronic Health Records (EHRs), medical-related information is generallyseparately controlled by different hospitals and thus it leads to inconvenience of information sharing. CloudbasedEHRs solve the problem of information sharing in the traditional EHRs. However, cloud-based EHRssuffer centralized problem, i.e., cloud service center and key-generation center. This paper works on creatinga new EHRs paradigm which can help in dealing with the centralized problem of cloud-based EHRs. Oursolution is to make use of the emerging technology of blockchain to EHRs (denoted as blockchain-basedEHRs for convenience). Firstly, we formally define the system model of blockchain-based EHRs in thesetting of consortium blockchain. In addition, authentication issue is very important for EHRs. However,existing authentication schemes for blockchain-based EHRs have their own weak points. Therefore, in thiswork, we also propose an authentication scheme for blockchain-based EHRs. Our proposal is an identitybasedsignature scheme with multiple authorities which can resist collusion attack out of N from N 1authorities. Furthermore, our scheme is provably secure in the random oracle model and has more efficientsigning and verification algorithms than existing authentication schemes of blockchain-based EHRs.
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